智慧树知到答案FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING 护理学基础最新答案

第三章 单元测试

1、多选题：
Characteristics of a chronic illness are: ( )
选项：
A:Chronic illness is reversible.

B:The symptoms appear abruptly.

C:Chronic illness usually lasts longer than six months.

D:Affects functioning in one or more systems.

答案:

2、多选题：
The type of admission depending on planning are: ( )
选项：
A:Therapeutic admission

B:Routine admission

C:Diagnostic admission

D:Emergency admission

答案:

3、单选题：
What is a type of bed position where the head of bed is raised approximately 30 degrees and promotes lung expansion for client with respiratory problem called? ( )
选项：
A:Fowler’s position

B:Semi-Fowler’s position

C:Reverse Trendelenburg’s position

D:Trendelenburg’sposition

答案:

4、单选题：
Both acute and chronic illnesses have the potential to be life threatening.
选项：
A:True
B:False
答案:

5、单选题：
What is a sytem of family-centered care that allows patients to live with comfort, independence and dignity while easing the pains of terminal illness called?
选项：
A:Nursing centers
B:Respite care
C:Hospice care
D:Assisted living
答案:

第四章 单元测试

1、单选题：
A patient is diagnosed with methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) pneumonia. Which type of isolation precaution is most appropriate for this patient?（ ）
选项：
A:Standard precautions

B:Droplet precautions

C:Contact prcecautions

D:Reverse isolation

答案:

2、多选题：
When should a nurse wear a mask? ( )
选项：
A:The patient has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and a congested cough.

B:The nurse is assisting with an aerosolizing respiratory procedure such as suctioning.

C:The patient’s dental hygiene is poor.

D:The patient is in droplet precautions.

答案:

3、多选题：
What type of personal protective equipment are staff required to wear when caring for a pediatric patient who is placed in airborne precautions for confirmed chickenpox/herpes zoster? （ ）
选项：
A:N 95 respiratory mask

B:Face shield or goggles

C:Surgical mask

D:Disposal gown

答案:

4、多选题：
A patient who has been isolated for Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) asks you to explain about what he should know about this organism. What is the most appropriate information to include in patient teaching? （ ）
选项：
A:The organism is usually transmitted through the fecal-oral route.

B:Everyone coming into the room must be wearing a gown and gloves.

C:Hands should always be cleaned with soap and water versus alcohol-based hand sanitizer.

D:While the patient is in contact precautions, he cannot leave the room.

答案:

5、单选题：
The primary reason for gowning is to prevent soiling clothes during contact with a patient. ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

第五章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Which is the first step that a nurse should do when she gets a sharp injury? （ ）
选项：
A:Dress the wound

B:Report to the doctor

C:Disinfect the wound with 75% alcohol

D:Rinse the wound with rinsing water

答案:

2、多选题：
The methods of hand hygiene include（ ）
选项：
A:Antiseptic hand wash

B:Antiseptic hand rub

C:Hand washing

D:Surgical hand sepsis

答案:

3、多选题：
What are the factors increasing the risks for occupational infection to health care givers? （ ）
选项：
A:Physical factors

B:Biological factors

C:Chemical factors

D:Psychosocial factors

答案:

4、单选题：
Nurses must wear gloves when implementing interventions to patients who are in any clinical condition.（ ）
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

5、单选题：
We need to choose which kind of mask to use according to the various conditions in the hospital.（ ）
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

第六章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Rotating sites during repeated measurements of BP and pulse oximetry increases the risk for skin breakdown. （ ）
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

2、单选题：
The nurse is assessing an elderly postsurgical patient in the home. To begin the physical examination, the nurse should first assess the patient’s? （ ）
选项：
A:Vital signs.

B:Ability to swallow.

C:Height and weight.

D:Gait

答案:

3、多选题：
A patient is admitted for dehydration caused by pneumonia and shortness of breath. He has a history of heart disease and cardiac dysrhythmias. The nursing assistant reports his admitting vital signs to the nurse. Which measurements should the nurse reassess?  （ ）
选项：
A:Respiratory rate: 28

B:Temporal temperature: 37.4℃(99.3℉）
C:Right arm BP: 118/72

D:Radial pulse rate: 72 and irregular

E:Oxygen saturation: 99%

答案:

4、单选题：
Bradypnea is rate of breathing less than 10 breaths/min . ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

5、单选题：
The nurse is assessing vital signs for a patient just admitted to the hospital. Ideally, and if there are no contraindications, how should the nurse position the patient for this portion of the admission assessment? ( )
选项：
A:Lying flat on the back with knees flexed.

B:Lying flat on the back with arms and legs fully extended.

C:Sitting upright.

D:Side-lying with the knees flexed.

答案:

第七章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Using a documentation tool helps link implementation to outcomes, so an evaluation of the plan of care follows objective criteria. ( )
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

2、单选题：
The skill of treating pressure ulcers can be delegated to nursing assistive personnel. ( )
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

3、单选题：
Impaired skin integrity is not a frequent problem for most healthy people. ( )
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

4、单选题：
Aging causes a diminished inflammatory response, resulting in rapid epithelialization and wound healing. ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

5、单选题：
The lesser the degree to which the factors of shear, friction and moisture are present, the more susceptible the skin will be to damage from pressure. ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

第八章 单元测试

1、单选题：
In caring for a young child with pain, which assessment tool is the most useful? ( )
选项：
A:0-10 numeric pain scale

B:Face pain-rating scale

C:Simple description pain intensity scale

D:McGill-Melzack pain questionnaire

答案:

2、单选题：
In applying the principles of pain treatment, what is the first consideration? ( )
选项：
A:Drug side effects must be prevented and managed.

B:Treatment is based on client goals.

C:We must believe the patient’s own perception of pain,

D:A multidisciplinary approach is needed.

答案:

3、单选题：
The physician has ordered a placebo for a client with chronic pain . You are a newly hired nurse and you feel very uncomfortable administering the medication. What is the first action that you should take? ( )
选项：
A:Prepare the medication and hand it to the physician

B:Check the hospital policy regarding use of the placebo.

C:Follow a personal code of ethics and refuse to give it.

D:Contact the charge nurse for advice.

答案:

4、单选题：
What kind of lying position should the patient use for anal and rectal examination？( )
选项：
A:Fowler’s Position

B:Knee-chest position

C:Prone position

D:Supine position

答案:

5、多选题：
Which of the following instructions is crucial for the nurse to give to both family members and the patient who is about to be started on a patientcontrolled analgesia (PCA) of morphine? ( )
选项：
A:The PCA system can set limits to prevent overdoses from occurring.

B:Notify the nurse when the button is pushed.

C:Only the patient should push the button.

D:Do not use the PCA until the pain is severe.

E:Do not push the button to go to sleep.

答案:

6、单选题：
Intravenous (IV) route of administration is preferred if immediate analgesia and rapid titration are necessary. ( )
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

第九章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Cold therapy can relieve pain. What is the mechanism?（ ）
选项：
A:Reduces the excitability of pain nerves

B:Reduces cell metabolism

C:Decreases bacterial viability

D:Decreases peripheral nerve sensitivity

答案:

2、单选题：
Patient is male, 14 years old, accidentally sprained his ankle during basketball match and went to the school clinic to see a doctor one hour later. The correct treatment at that moment is ( )
选项：
A:Cold therapy

B:Alternate use of heat and cold therapy

C:Hot water foot bath

D:Heat therapy

答案:

3、单选题：
Patient is male, 32 years old, came to the hospital for treatment due to abdominal pain, pallor and cold sweat. Before a definite diagnosis was made, the nursing action that the nurse should not take is( )
选项：
A:Measurement of vital signs

B:Hot water bag for pain relief

C:Contact your doctor

D:Ask for medical history

答案:

4、单选题：
What is the mechanism of ice cap treatment for brain edema? ( )
选项：
A:Reduce central respiratory excitability

B:Reduce brain tissue metabolism

C:Decrease intracranial pressure

D:Reduce headache

答案:

5、单选题：
Which of the following body parts is not included in the contraindications for cold therapy?( )
选项：
A:External ear

B:Posterior occipital

C:Armpit

D:Scrotum

答案:

第十章 单元测试

1、单选题：
The nurse evaluates which laboratory finding to assess a patient’s potential for wound healing? （ ）
选项：
A:Lipids

B:Fluid status

C:Nitrogen balance

D:Potassium

答案:

2、单选题：
The nurse is caring for a patient with dysphagia and is feeding her pureed chicken diet when she begins to choke. What is the priority nursing intervention? （ ）
选项：
A:Suction her mouth and throat

B:Stop feeding her and place on NPO

C:Put on oxygen at 2-L nasal cannula

D:Turn her on their side

答案:

3、单选题：
A patient who is receiving parenteral nutrition (PN) through a central venous catheter(CVC) has an air embolus. What would the nurse do first? （ ）
选项：
A:Notify the health care provider immediately

B:Have the patient take a deep breath and hold it

C:Have the patient perform a Valsalva maneuver

D:Clamp the intravenous tubing to prevent more air from entering the line

答案:

4、单选题：
What is the main source of energy in the diet? （ ）
选项：
A:Carbohydrate

B:Fat

C:Water

D:Protein

答案:

5、多选题：
The nurse is caring for a patient with pneumonia who has severe malnutrition. The nurse recognizes that, because of the nutritional status, the patient is at increased risk for: （ ）
选项：
A:Cardiac arrhythmias

B:Sepsis

C:Pleural effusion

D:Heart disease

答案:

第十一章 单元测试

1、单选题：
An ambulatory elderly woman with dementia is incontinent of urine. She has poor short-term memory and has not been seen toileting independently. What is the best nursing intervention for this patient?( )
选项：
A:Start a scheduled toileting program

B:Recommend that she be evaluated for an overactive bladder medication

C:Recommend that she be evaluated for an indwelling catheter

D:Start a bladder-retraining program

答案:

2、单选题：
What best describes measurement of postvoid residual?（ ）
选项：
A:Catheterize the patient with a 16Fr/10 mL catheter,

B:Perform a bladder scan on the patient when he or she reports a strong urge to void.

C:Perform a bladder scan on the patient immediately after voiding.

D:Catheterize the patient 30 minutes after voiding.

答案:

3、单选题：
A patient did not have bowel movement for 4 days. Now she has nausea and experience severe cramping throughout her abdomen. On the basis of these findings, what do you suspect is wrong with the patient?( )
选项：
A:A fecal impaction

B:Gastroenteritis

C:Irritation of the intestinal mucosa

D:An intestinal obstruction

答案:

4、单选题：
Early-morning urine may be cloudy because of urine held in the bladder overnight. ( )
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

5、单选题：
When assessing a patient’s first voided urine of the day, which finding should be reported to the health care provider?
选项：
A:Slightly cloudy urine
B:Pale yellow urine
C:Dark amber urine
D:Light pink urine

答案:

第十二章 单元测试

1、单选题：
A patient has just received 30 mg of codeine by mouth for pain. Five minutes later he vomits. What should the nurse do first? ( )
选项：
A:Remedicate the patient.

B:Explain to the patient that she can do nothing to help him.

C:Call the physician.

D:Examine the emesis.

答案:

2、单选题：
A nursing student is administering Ampicillin PO. The expiration date on the medication wrapper was yesterday. What is the next appropriate action for the nursing student ? ( )
选项：
A:Ask the nursing professor for advice.

B:Call the health care provider after discussing this situation with the charge nurse.

C:Administer the medication since medications are good for 30 days after their expiration date.

D:Return the medication to pharmacy and get another tablet.

答案:

3、单选题：
The six rights of medication administration is: ( )
选项：
A:Right route.

B:Right patient.

C:Right medication.

D:Right time.

E:Right dose.

F:All above.

G:Right documentation.

答案:

4、单选题：
A nurse accidentaly gives a patient the medications that were ordered for the patient’s roommate. What is the nurse’s first priority? （ ）
选项：
A:Complete an occurrence report.

B:Notify the health care provider.

C:Assess the patient for adverse effects

D:Inform the charge nurse of the error.

答案:

5、多选题：
The best subcutaneous injection site include: （ ）
选项：
A:The outer posterior aspect of the upper arms

B:The anterior aspects of the thighs

C:The abdomen from below the costal margins to the iliac crest

D:The inner forearm

答案:

6、多选题：
Sublingual nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) has an onset of 1 to 3 minutes. Before and after each dose of sublingual nitroglycerin, the nurse should assess which of the following: ( )
选项：
A:Heart rate.

B:Location and severity of pain.

C:Deep tendon reflexes.

D:Pupil size.

E:Temperature

F:Blood pressure.

答案:

7、单选题：
The IM route provides slower medication absorption than the subcutaneous route. ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

8、单选题：
A now order signifies that a single dose of a medication is to be given immediately and only once. ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案:

第十三章 单元测试

1、多选题：
Hypertonic solutions have an effective osmolality greater than body fluids. Examples of hypertonic solutions are: ( )
选项：
A:Dextrose 5%in 0.9% Sodium Chloride

B:Dextrose 10% in Water or D10W

C:Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer’s

D:Lactated Ringer’s

答案:

2、单选题：
When an IV catheter becomes dislodged or a vein ruptures and IV fluids inadvertently enter subcutaneous tissue around the venipuncture site, the condition is called: ( )
选项：
A:Circulatory overload

B:Phlebitis

C:Infiltration

D:Extravasation

答案:

3、单选题：
A blood product that provides clotting factors and does not need to be typed or cross-matched is: ( )
选项：
A:Whole blood

B:Autologous RBCs

C:Fresh frozen plasma

D:Platelets

答案:

4、单选题：
Nutrient solutions provide sufficient calories to promote wound healing and weight gain. ( )
选项：
A:False

B:True

答案:

5、单选题：
The most dangerous method for administering IV medications is through piggyback infusion. ( )
选项：
A:True

B:False

答案: