第一章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
2、判断题：
Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
3、判断题：
Language is used to record the facts, which is the informative function of language, also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
4、判断题：
Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
5、单选题：
If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _______.
选项：
A:linguistic
B:descriptive
C:analytic
D:prescriptive
答案: 【descriptive】
6、单选题：
Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
选项：
A:Duality
B:Meaningfulness
C:Arbitrariness
D:Displacement
答案: 【Meaningfulness】
7、单选题：
Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _______ and meanings.
选项：
A:objects
B:sounds
C:ideas
D:sense
答案: 【sounds】
8、单选题：
Saussure took a(n) _______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ________ point of view.
选项：
A:psychological…sociological
B:sociological…psychological
C:semantic…linguistic
D:applied…pragmatic
答案: 【sociological…psychological】
9、多选题：
According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?
选项：
A:interpersonal
B:conative
C:referential
D:metalingual
答案: 【conative;referential;metalingual】
10、多选题：
Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
选项：
A:Morphology
B:phonetics
C:Semantics
D:psycholinguistics
答案: 【Morphology;phonetics;Semantics】
11、多选题：
According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?
选项：
A:conative
B:metalingual
C:interpersonal
D:referential
答案: 【conative;metalingual;referential】
12、多选题：
Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
选项：
A:Semantics
B:psycholinguistics
C:Morphology
D:phonetics
答案: 【Semantics;Morphology;phonetics】
13、多选题：
According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?
选项：
A:referential
B:conative
C:metalingual
D:interpersonal
答案: 【referential;conative;metalingual】
14、多选题：
Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
选项：
A:Morphology
B:psycholinguistics
C:Semantics
D:phonetics
答案: 【Morphology;Semantics;phonetics】
15、多选题：
Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
选项：
A:phonetics
B:psycholinguistics
C:Morphology
D:Semantics
答案: 【phonetics;Morphology;Semantics】
第二章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】
2、判断题：
Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
3、单选题：
What is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology?
选项：
A:Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
B:Phonetics is the more general discipline concerned with all kinds of sounds, whereas phonology is specifically concerned with modern experimental methodologies.
C:Phonetics is concerned with historical data, whereas phonology is concerned with how language is actually spoken.
D:Phonetics is mostly concerned with the production of vowels and consonants, while phonology is more about phenomena such as tone.
答案: 【Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
】
4、单选题：
Question: Which of the following sounds is velar ?
选项：
A:A.
g
B:p
C:h
D:s
E:r
答案: 【A.
g
】
5、单选题：
Which of the following sounds is not alveolar?
选项：
A:d
B:s
C:f
D:t
答案: 【f】
6、单选题：
Would it be useful to compare German and English when trying to establish how English was spoken in the past?
选项：
A:Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
B:Yes, because they have a spelling that is very similar.
C:No, because there is no archeological record about the relationship between the two languages.
D:No, because English is an older language than German.
E:Yes, because German is an older language than English.
F:Yes, because all languages were pronounced in similar ways in the more distant past.
答案: 【Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.】
7、单选题：
In German, the word ‘Kind’ (child) has the plural form Kind-er. In the letter d is actually pronounced as [t], but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d]. Which phonological feature is involved in this alternation?
选项：
A:Voice
B:Place of articulation
C:Velar
D:Manner of articulation
E:Sonorant
答案: 【Voice】
8、单选题：
English and German have relatively large vowel inventories. What reason does the discussion provide for this?
选项：
A:These languages are relatively old and had more time to develop the vowel inventory.
B:These languages have a long writing tradition, influencing the number of vowels that can be expressed.
C:Earlier distinctions between long and short vowels developed into vowel quality contrasts in these languages.
D:Because of extensive language contact, these languages borrowed vowels from each other.
E:These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.
答案: 【These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.】
9、多选题：
How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?
选项：
A:Children become gradually aware of features.
B:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.
C:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
D:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
E:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
答案: 【Children become gradually aware of features.;Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.;Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.】
10、多选题：
Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.
选项：
A:Place of articulation
B:Manner of articulation
C:Structure of articulation
D:Height of articulation
E:Restructuring
F:Voicing
答案: 【Place of articulation;Manner of articulation;Voicing】
11、多选题：
How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?
选项：
A:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.
B:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
C:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
D:Children become gradually aware of features.
E:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
答案: 【Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.;Children become gradually aware of features.;Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.】
12、多选题：
Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.
选项：
A:Manner of articulation
B:Height of articulation
C:Voicing
D:Place of articulation
E:Restructuring
F:Structure of articulation
答案: 【Manner of articulation;Voicing;Place of articulation】
13、多选题：
Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.
选项：
A:Manner of articulation
B:Structure of articulation
C:Restructuring
D:Place of articulation
E:Height of articulation
F:Voicing
答案: 【Manner of articulation;Place of articulation;Voicing】
14、多选题：
How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?
选项：
A:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
B:Children become gradually aware of features.
C:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
D:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.
E:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
答案: 【Children become gradually aware of features.;Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.;Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.】
15、多选题：
Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.
选项：
A:Structure of articulation
B:Voicing
C:Restructuring
D:Height of articulation
E:Place of articulation
F:Manner of articulation
答案: 【Voicing;Place of articulation;Manner of articulation】
第三章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as ____.
选项：
A:function words
B:grammatical words
C:form words
D:lexical words
答案: 【】
2、单选题：
Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _____ morpheme.
选项：
A:free
B:derivational
C:bound
D:inflectional
答案: 【
3、单选题：
______ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.
选项：
A:back-formation
B:insertion
C:addition
D:affixation
答案: 【
4、单选题：
The stem of the word “disagreements” is ________.
选项：
A:agreement
B:disagreement
C:disagreements
D:agree
答案: 【】
5、单选题：
All of them are meaningful except for ________.
选项：
A:morpheme
B:lexeme
C:phoneme
D:allomorph
答案: 【】
6、判断题：
“Fore” in “foretell” is both a prefix and a bound morpheme.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
7、判断题：
The words “whimper”, “whisper” and “whistle” are formed in the way of onomatopoeia.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
8、判断题：
In most cases, the number of syllables of a word corresponds to the number of morphemes.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
9、判断题：
Back-formation is a productive way of word-formation.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
10、判断题：
Inflection is a particular way of word-formation.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【】
第四章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Prase structure rules have ______ properties.
选项：
A:grammatical
B:recursive
C:social
D:functional
答案: 【
2、单选题：
The syntactic rules of any language are ____ in number.
选项：
A:infinite
B:small
C:large
D:finite
答案: 【
3、单选题：
The ________ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.
选项：
A:linguistic
B:morphological
C:combinational
D:lexical
答案: 【
4、单选题：
A sentence is considered ____ when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the mind of native speakers.
选项：
A:grammatical
B:ungrammatical
C:wrong
D:right
答案: 【】
5、单选题：
A __________ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
选项：
A:particle
B:preposition
C:coordinator
D:subordinator
答案: 【】
6、单选题：
An ________ can further be divided into two types: subordination and coordination.
选项：
A:endocentric construction
B:exocentric construction
C:ultimate constituent
D:immediate constituent
答案: 】
7、单选题：
What is the construction of the sentence “The boy smiled”?
选项：
A:Subordinate
B:Coordinate
C:Endocentric
D:Exocentric
答案: 【
8、单选题：
The head of the phrase “behind the door” is __________.
选项：
A:behind
B:door
C:the door
D:none
答案: 【
9、单选题：
The phrase “on the shelf” belongs to __________ construction.
选项：
A:exocentric
B:subordinate
C:endocentric
D:coordinate
答案: 【
10、单选题：
The sentence “They were wanted to remain quiet and not to expose themselves.” is a __________ sentence.
选项：
A:simple
B:compound
C:coordinate
D:complex
答案: 【】
第五章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
2、判断题：
In semantics, meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experience.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
3、判断题：
The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【】
4、判断题：
Most languages have sets of lexical items similar in meaning but ranked differently according to their degree of formality.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【】
5、单选题：
________ is not one of seven types of meaning advanced by Geoffrey Leech.
选项：
A:connotative meaning
B:affective meaning
C:derogatory meaning
D:reflected meaning
答案: 【】
6、单选题：
Words that are close in meaning are called ______________.
选项：
A:homonyms
B:synonyms
C:polysemy
D:hyponyms
答案: 【】
7、单选题：
___________ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.
选项：
A:Phonemic analysis
B:Componential analysis
C:Grammatical analysis
D:Predication analysis
答案: 【】
8、单选题：
“teacher” and “student” are ______________.
选项：
A:gradable antonyms
B:relational opposites
C:complementary antonyms
D:converse antonyms
答案: 【】
9、单选题：
_________ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
选项：
A:Semantics
B:Concept
C:Sense
D:Reference
答案: 【
10、单选题：
“John killed Bill”_______ “Bill didn’t die.”
选项：
A:presupposes
B:is inconsistent with
C:is synonymous with
D:entails
答案: 【
第六章 单元测试
1、判断题：
It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language use was left unconsidered.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
2、判断题：
What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
3、判断题：
Utterances always take the form of complete sentences.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
4、判断题：
Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【】
5、判断题：
Perlocutionary act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【】
6、单选题：
The meaning of language was considered as something _______ in traditional semantics.
选项：
A:contextual
B:behaviouristic
C:logical
D:intrinsic
答案: 】
7、单选题：
A sentence is a _________ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.
选项：
A:grammatical
B:pragmatic
C:conceptual
D:mental
答案: 【
8、单选题：
__________ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.
选项：
A:A perlocutionary act
B:A performative act
C:An illocutionary act
D:A locutionary act
答案: 【
9、单选题：
__________ is advanced by Paul Grice.
选项：
A:The General Principle of Universal Grammar
B:Adjacency Principle
C:Politeness Principle
D:Cooperative Principle
答案: 【
10、单选题：
When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, _______ might arise.
选项：
A:contradictions
B:impoliteness
C:conversational implicatures
D:mutual understanding
答案: 【】
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