第一章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Ecosystem is a region in which the organisms and the physical environment form a (an) ________________ unit. （ ）
选项：
A:interacting
B:physical
C:symbiotic
D:harmonized
答案: 【interacting
】
2、单选题：
Wilderness is the area with________________ human influence. ( )
选项：
A:minimal
B:much
C:maximal
D:many
答案: 【minimal
】
3、单选题：
Environmental science is an(a)________________ field that includes both scientific and social aspects of human impact on the world. ( )
选项：
A:traditional
B:independent
C:interdisciplinary
D:important
答案: 【interdisciplinary
】
4、判断题：
Environmental issues do not necessarily coincide with artificial political boundaries. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
5、判断题：
Environment is everything that affects an organism during its lifetime. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
6、判断题：
Environmental science is an interrelated area of study that includes both applied and theoretical aspects of human impact on the world. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
7、判断题：
Many environmental problems have become global in nature. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
8、判断题：
Sustainable development is development to meet the present needs without sacrificing the needs of future generations （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
第二章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Risk is the ________________ that a condition or action will lead to an injury, damage, or loss. ( )
选项：
A:chance
B:probability
C:possibility
D:consequence
答案: 【probability
】
2、单选题：
Risk assessment is the use of ________________ to estimate the probability of harm to human health or the environment. ( )
选项：
A:measurements and analyses
B:models and equations
C:theories and technologies
D:facts and assumptions
答案: 【facts and assumptions
】
3、多选题：
Renewable resources include_______________. ( )
选项：
A:fossil fuels
B:Soil
C:water
D:vegetation,
答案: 【Soil
;water
;vegetation,
】
4、判断题：
Risk management is a decision-making process of weighing policy alternatives and selecting the most appropriate regulatory action. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
5、判断题：
Negligible risk is the zero risk. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
6、判断题：
Life cycle analysis is the process of assessing the environmental effects associated with the production, use, reuse, and disposal of a product over its entire useful life. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
7、判断题：
Air pollution, water pollution, plant and animal extinctions, depletion of a resource are all example of the environmental costs of resource exploitation. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
8、判断题：
Cost-benefit analysis is an unformal process f to determine whether a policy generates more social costs than social benefits. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
第三章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Natural selection is the process that determines which individuals within a species will ______________________ the next generation. （ ）
选项：
A:generate their genes for
B:produce their offspring for
C:reproduce and pass their genes to
D:grow and pass their genes to
答案:
2、单选题：
Climax community is the relative ________________ community that the result of succession. （ ）
选项：
A:stable and long-lasting
B:stable and short-term
C:stable and large
D:stable and constant
答案:
3、单选题：
Commensalism is the relationship between organisms in which one organism benefits while the other is ___________. （ ）
选项：
A:much affected
B:damaged
C:not affected
D:hurt
答案:
4、判断题：
Keystone species are the species that have a critical role to play in the maintenance of specific ecosystems. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
5、判断题：
An ecosystem approach is important to dealing with environmental problems. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
6、判断题：
Niche is the functional role an organism has in its surroundings (its profession). （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
7、判断题：
Succession is the concept that communities proceed through a series of recognizable, predictable changes in structure over time. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
8、判断题：
A community is the abiotic portion of an ecosystem that is a setting of interacting populations of organisms. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
第四章 单元测试
1、单选题：
A population can be defined as a group of individuals of the____________species inhabiting an area.( )
选项：
A:small
B:same
C:special
D:different
答案:
2、单选题：
Exponential growth phase is the stage on a typical population growth curve when the offspring of a species begin to mate and have young while the parents may be producing a second set of offspring, which results in a population increase at a (an) _______________ rate. ( )
选项：
A:constant
B:stable
C:decreasing
D:accelerating
答案:
3、单选题：
____________ is the number of individuals of a species that can be maintained in an area, over time, without harming the habitat. ( )
选项：
A:Vulnerability
B:Population
C:Sustainability
D:Carrying capacity
答案:
4、判断题：
K-strategists are organisms that typically reach a stable population as the population reaches the carrying capacity. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
5、判断题：
r-strategists are organisms that typically exploits unstable environments. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
6、判断题：
Age distribution is the number of individuals of each age in the population which influences greatly the rate of population growth. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
7、判断题：
Population density is the total of people in a country, which does not relate the size of the population to the resources available. ( )
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
8、判断题：
Total fertility rate is the number of children born per woman in her lifetime. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
第五章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Biodiversity is the __________ of genes, species, and ecosystem in a region. （ ）
选项：
A:quantity
B:richness
C:diversity
D:number
答案:
2、单选题：
Endangered species are the species that have such small numbers that they are in immediate jeopardy of becoming __________. （ ）
选项：
A:weaker
B:smaller
C:fainter
D:extinct
答案:
3、多选题：
The values of biodiversity include__________( )
选项：
A:direct economic values
B:ethical values
C:no values
D:biological and ecosystem service values
答案:
4、判断题：
The primary causes of biodiversity loss are habitat loss by humans converting ecosystems to agriculture and grazing, over overexploitation by harvesting species at unsustainable levels. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
5、判断题：
Extinction is the death of species, the elimination of all the individuals of a particular kind. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
6、判断题：
Desertification is the process of converting arid and semiarid land to desert because of improper use by humans. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
7、判断题：
Protection of biodiversity typically involves two kinds of activities: legal protection and management of the use of species and ecosystems at sustainable levels. （ ）
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
8、判断题：
Deforestation means forest-protection activities. （ ）
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
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