智慧树知到答案国际经济学（双语）（山东联盟）最新答案

第三章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Mercantilists believed that a nation would benefit from achieving
选项：
A:

an even trade balance

B:

a positive or favorable trade balance

C:

A trade deficit, funded by loans from other nations.

D:

As much self-sufficiency as possible

答案:

2、单选题：
The  comparative advantage priciple was developed by
选项：
A:

Krugman

B:

David Ricardo.

C:

Samuelson

D:

Ohlin

答案:

3、判断题：
Adam Smith agreed with the mercantilists that if one nation gained benefits from trade its trading partner would lose.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

4、单选题：
David Ricardo developed the principle of comparative advantage showing that
选项：
A:

even a nation that has lower productivity in all goods can benefit by exporting the item in which it is relatively less inefficient.

B:

in a two-country example, only one nation can have a comparative advantage.

C:

a nation must be the least-cost producer of a good in order to export that item.

D:

no nation could have an absolute advantage in all goods.

答案:

5、单选题：
If each worker in the United States can producer either 40 bottles of wine or 40 yards of clothing per hour and each worker in the United Kingdom can produce either 20 bottles of wine or 10 yards of clothing per hour
选项：
A:

the United States has a comparative advantage in wine production.

B:

Neither country can benefit by trading with the other.

C:

the United Kingdom has the absolute advantage in both products.

D:

the United Kingdom has a comparative advantage in wine production.

答案:

6、判断题：
It is possible for one nation to have a comparative advantage in everything and the other nation to have a comparative advantage in nothing.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

7、单选题：
An indifference curve
选项：
A:

shows that most people really are indifferent about international trade.

B:

reflects the relative costs of production within a nation.

C:

shows the demand preferences of consumers.

D:

indicates how much labor a country has.

答案:

8、判断题：
A nation maximizes satisfaction by reaching the highest possible indifference curve, and in the absence of trade will produce where its production possibilities schedule is tangent to an indifference curve.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

9、判断题：
The Ricardian theory of comparative advantage focuses only on supply or cost conditions, and ignores the role of demand in explaining trade patterns.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

10、判断题：
If two nations of very unequal size trade with each other, the theory of reciprocal demand demonstrates that most of the gains from trade (a favorable terms of trade ratio) will go to the larger nation.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

11、单选题：
In the Heckscher-Ohlin model, a nation’s comparative advantage is based on
选项：
A:

distance from the nation’s most important trading partners.

B:

the nation’s relative endowments of productive resources such as labor and capital.

C:

trade barriers such as tariffs and quotas.

D:

consumer preferences.

答案:

12、判断题：
The factor endowments model predicts that international trade will tend to equalize the prices of tradeable goods among nations, but to increase the wage gap between capital-abundant and labor-abundant nations.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

13、单选题：
Leontief’s 1954 study of U.S. trade patterns, resulting in the Leontief paradox, found that
选项：
A:

U.S. trade volume declined even though U.S. GDP had been rising.

B:

the United States was trading more with distant than with near nations.

C:

the United States was exporting mostly capital-intensive products.

D:

U.S. exports were labor-intensive compared with U.S. imports, even though the United States was widely regarded as a relatively capital-abundant nation.

答案:

14、单选题：
Intra-industry trade theory
选项：
A:

assumes that transportation costs do not exist.

B:

explains why the United States might export autos and import clothing.

C:

ignores seasonal considerations.

D:

explains why countries export and also import differentiated versions of the same product, such as different types of autos.

答案:

15、单选题：
Industries in which economies of large-scale production are important
选项：
A:

tend to not participate in international trade.

B:

provide additional cost incentives for specialization and trade.

C:

reduce the potential gains from trade.

D:

encourage each nation to produce a full range of products within such industries.

答案:

第四章 单元测试

1、单选题：
对每件衬衣征收两美元的关税属于

选项：
A:

混合关税

B:

从价关税

C:

出口关税

D:

从量关税

答案:

2、单选题：
An import tariff is
选项：
A:

a tax levied on an imported product.

B:

a schedule of approved rates or prices for imports.

C:

a government prohibition against imports of certain sensitive products.

D:

a quantitative restriction on imports.

答案:

3、判断题：
A tax of 10 percent on imports of shoes would be an example of a specific tariff.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

4、单选题：
If a country places a 10 percent tariff on imports of shoes and a 5 percent tariff on imports of all materials required for making shoes, the effective rate of protection provided for the shoemaking industry will be
选项：
A:

5 percent.

B:

between 10 percent and 5 percent, depending on the importance of imported materials.

C:

higher than 10 percent.

D:

10 percent.

答案:

5、单选题：
The small nation model for estimating welfare effects of tariffs applies to
选项：
A:

nations that populations below ten million people.

B:

nations with per capita income levels below $500 per year.

C:

nations that are smaller than their major trading partners.

D:

nations that are price takers, too small to affect through their own supply or demand the trading price of the particular product in question.

答案:

6、单选题：
If a nation fitting the criteria for the small nation model imposes a 10 percent tariff on imports of autos
选项：
A:

the price of autos within the nation will rise by 10 percent.

B:

the price of autos will not rise because of internal competition.

C:

the price of autos within the nation will rise by more than 10 percent, because of high effective protection.

D:

the price of autos within the nation will rise, but by less than 10 percent because it is a small nation.

答案:

7、单选题：
The redistributive effect of a tariff refers to
选项：
A:

the tariff revenue going to the domestic government.

B:

redistribution of profits from foreign producers to domestic producers.

C:

the funds transferred to domestic producers to compensate for their relative inefficiency, compared with foreign producers.

D:

the higher profits received by domestic producers at the expense of consumers.

答案:

8、判断题：
A nation that creates a tariff high enough to preserve the domestic market entirely for domestic producers will also benefit from significant tariff revenue.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

9、单选题：
If a  large nation imposes an import tariff
选项：
A:

the domestic price of the product will increase by more than the tariff itself.

B:

the effects on the nation’s trading partners probably will be too small for them to notice.

C:

the welfare loss to the nation will be larger than in the small country model.

D:

the nation will gain static welfare if the benefit from forcing foreign producers to reduce their export price exceeds the protective effect plus the deadweight loss from the tariff.

答案:

10、单选题：
An import quota is a nontariff trade barrier that
选项：
A:

places a limit on the quantity of goods that may be imported.

B:

places a specific dollar amount of tax on certain imports.

C:

places a percentage tax on certain imports.

D:

rewards firms for meeting or exceeding their sales quotas.

答案:

11、判断题：
To avoid the uncertainty about which foreign nations will be allowed to export to a nation using quota restrictions, that nation is likely to implement a a selective quota.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

12、判断题：
An import quota will not raise the domestic price of the product as would a tariff, because it is not a tax on imports.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

13、判断题：
Health and safety standards established by national governments cannot be considered nontariff trade barriers.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

第五章 单元测试

1、单选题：
In a “first-best” world:

选项：
A:

Free trade is economically efficient.

B:

Free trade harms everyone.

C:

Free trade is not optimal.

D:

Free trade benefits everyone.

答案:

2、单选题：
Which of the following statements is true?I.If young firms are struggling to obtain funding from underdeveloped financial markets, the most efficient policy solution would be a production subsidy.II. If young firms are struggling to retain their trained workers, then government should offer a subsidy to offset the costs of training workers.III. Infant industry tariffs are less likely to be removed than infant industry subsidies.

选项：
A:

II and III

B:

I only

C:

II only

D:

I and II

答案:

3、单选题：
Which of the following arguments for protection states that import-competing firms that are struggling to stay in business should be provided protection in order to maintain jobs and continue domestic production?
选项：
A:

The national defense argument.

B:

The dying industry argument.

C:

The infant industry argument.

D:

The developing government argument.

答案:

4、判断题：
A free-trade area removes trade barriers between member countries, but allows the member countries to maintain their own trade barriers against trade with nonmember countries.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

5、判断题：
In the absence of any other distortion, a tariff will create a distortion, but a government subsidy will not create a distortion.

选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

6、判断题：
The most favored nation (MFN) principle states that any trade concession given to any foreign country must be given to all other countries having the same MFN status.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

7、判断题：
Trade creation is the volume of trade that is redirected from low-cost exporters to higher-cost trade bloc member countries.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

8、单选题：
The infant-industry argument for protection
选项：
A:

shows that tariffs provide the only effective means of supporting new industries.

B:

dvocates permanent tariff protection for new industries.

C:

advocates the shielding of new industries from imports until they have grown strong and efficient enough to withstand the competition from foreign producers.

D:

advocates that each nation provide tariff protection for the domestic manufacturing of products used by infants, to help each nation preserve its own unique cultural identity.

答案:

第六章 单元测试

1、多选题：
自2018年开始的本轮中美贸易争端，主要原因是：
选项：
A:

中国对美国货物贸易长期存在较大顺差

B:

中国部分市场（如金融、电信、互联网等）未充分开放

C:

中国实际上已超越美国中国对美国企业知识产权保护不足

D:

中国实际上已超越美国

答案:

2、多选题：
后发国家的贸易战略主要包括：
选项：
A:

出口导向

B:

公平贸易政策

C:

战略性贸易政策

D:

进口替代

答案:

3、判断题：
进口替代战略所依据的一个重要理论是“幼稚产业理论”。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

4、多选题：
关于进口替代战略的不足之处，下列说法正确的是：
选项：
A:

因为在受保护工业中使用的资源本来可以用于其他地方;保护与进口竞争的生产者会自动歧视所有其他行业，包括潜在的出口行业。

B:

进口替代还容易滋生腐败。

C:

由于许多发展中国家的国内市场规模较小，制造商无法利用规模经济，因此单位成本较高。

D:

一旦投资只因为关税和配额而有利可图的活动，任何取消这些限制的企图一般都受到强烈抵制。

E:

国内产业由于受到贸易限制的保护而免受国际竞争，因此它们没有提高效率的动机。

答案:

5、判断题：
多数经验研究表明，采取进口替代战略的国家比采取出口导向战略的国家有更持久的经济增长和更高的增长率。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

6、多选题：
出口导向战略的优点包括：
选项：
A:

通过保持对进口商品的低限制，它们对国内企业施加了竞争压力，迫使它们提高效率

B:

它鼓励发展中国家可能具有比较优势的产业，如劳动密集型制成品

C:

通过提供更大的（面向国际的）销售市场，它们使国内制造商有更大的空间来利用规模经济

答案:

7、判断题：
中国经济40年来告诉增长的决定性因素是“三大改造”时期建立的工业基础。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

8、判断题：
中国经济持续40年高速增长，并已成为世界第二大经济体，最关键的原因是改革开放，即对内进行市场化改革，对外实施出口导向型的开放政策。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

9、判断题：
应对美国发起的贸易战的最好方式是以增加关税、舆论宣传等方式抵制美国企业和商品。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

10、判断题：
中国实施出口导向战略，并成功成为世界第一大货物贸易国。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

第七章 单元测试

1、多选题：
下列各项哪些是外国直接投资？
选项：
A:

富士康公司在美国新建了一家工厂

B:

某中国富豪购买了100万美元的美国苹果公司股票

C:

华为公司兼并了一家欧洲的公司

D:

这个富豪又在美国洛杉矶购买了一套价值2000万美元的别墅

答案:

2、判断题：
国际劳工流动可以提高世界资源的利用效率。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

3、判断题：
国家间的工资差距是国际移民的唯一原因。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

4、判断题：
美国工人工资水平高于中国的主要原因是美国工人比中国工人更勤奋。

选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

5、判断题：
中国工人工资水平低于美国的主要原因是中国工人劳动的边际产品价值更低。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

6、判断题：
劳动力流动的影响是增加世界总收入，并在资本所有者和劳动力之间重新分配收入。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

7、多选题：
跨国公司根据其开展业务的方式，可以分为：

选项：
A:非盈利型
B:综合型
C:水平型
D:垂直型

答案:

8、判断题：
跨国公司的母公司与其在东道国设立的子公司生产相同产品的情况，叫做纵向一体化。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

9、多选题：
美国特斯拉公司在上海设立超级工厂的原因可能包括：
选项：
A:中国对进口汽车征收高额关税
B:中国是新能源汽车研发的国际中心
C:中国广阔的汽车市场
D:中国政府对新能源汽车的政策优惠
答案:

第八章 单元测试

1、判断题：
计入国际收支平衡表的每一笔交易都会被计入借方（-）或者贷方（+）。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

2、判断题：
对一国而言，导致从外国获取资金的交易计入国际收支平衡表的贷方（+），导致本国资金流出到国外的交易计入借方（-）。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

3、多选题：
从某国的角度，计入国际收支平衡表贷方的交易有：
选项：
A:

运输和旅游收入

B:

商品出口

C:

从外国居民那里收到的礼物

D:

从海外投资中获得的收入

E:

海外居民在本国的投资

F:

从外国政府那里得到的援助

答案:

4、多选题：
计入国际收支平衡表借方的项目包括：
选项：
A:

本国企业或居民支付的运费或旅游支出

B:

送给外国居民的礼物

C:

本国居民的海外投资

D:

外国投资者获取的收入

E:

商品进口

F:

本国政府给予别国的援助

答案:

5、判断题：
国际收支经常账户是指与货物、服务、收入流和单方面转让交易等有关的国际流动的货币价值。
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:

6、判断题：
中国对外投资净收益计入国际收支经常账户。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

7、判断题：
国际收支中的资本和金融交易包括所有对资产（房地产、公司股票和债券、政府证券以及普通商业银行存款等项目）的国际购买或出售。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:

8、判断题：
任何导致本国接受外国人付款的交易都可视为贷方项目。资本流入可以比作商品和服务的出口。相反，任何导致外国人接受付款的交易都被认为是本国的借方项目。资本外流在效果上类似于商品和服务的进口。
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: