智慧树知到答案INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY最新答案

第三章 单元测试

1、单选题：
A t-test is a ratio of ___________ to ___________.
选项：
A:

expected values; observed values

B:

between-group differences; within-group differences

C:

success; failure

D:

highest scores; lowest scores

答案:

2、单选题：
A t-test is an example of __________ statistics.
选项：
A:

descriptive

B:

inferential

C:

scientific

D:

conclusive

答案:

3、单选题：
The upper curves of the brain are called ______________, while the deep grooves are called ________________.
选项：
A:

fissures, gyri

B:

gyri, grey matter

C:

gyri, fissures

D:

white matter, fissures

答案:

4、单选题：
What is the order of neuron structures from receiving information, processing information and sending information?
选项：
A:

dendrites, cell body, axon

B:

axon terminal, cell body, dendrites

C:

terminal buttons, dendrites, cell body

D:

synaptic cleft, cell body, dendrites

答案:

5、单选题：
Why does the surface of the brain contain folds?
选项：
A:

They look stylish

B:

Pressure from cerebral fluids

C:

To match the grooves on the inside of the skull

D:

They allow for more brain tissue to fit in the skull

答案:

6、单选题：
Constricting pupils, stimulated digestive and salivation activity and constricting lungs are due to the activation of the _________________ system.
选项：
A:

sympathetic

B:

parasympathetic

C:

central nervous

D:

somatic

答案:

7、单选题：
The peripheral nervous system links the brain to the _________.
选项：
A:

spinal cord

B:

central nervous system

C:

body

D:

skeletal system

答案:

8、单选题：
Why is the brainstem considered to be a reptilian system?
选项：
A:

It is present in all reptiles

B:

It is shaped like a snake

C:

It is attached to the brain stem

D:

It is a primitive brain structure

答案:

9、单选题：
Damage to which structure of the brain would result in deficits in motor learning and the production of uncoordinated movements?
选项：
A:

Cerebellum

B:

Medulla

C:

Pons

D:

Amygdala

答案:

第四章 单元测试

1、单选题：
What impairment would you expect to see in an individual with damage to their primary visual cortex?
选项：
A:

Color blindness

B:

Black spots in their field of vision

C:

Inattentional blindness

D:

Problems with depth perception

答案:

2、单选题：
What is the process called in which the brain organizes and interprets visual information?
选项：
A:

Sensation

B:

Proprioception

C:

Perception

D:

Visual organization

答案:

3、单选题：
Seeing a small, red, shiny object is known as ______________, whereas knowing this object is an apple is known as _____________.
选项：
A:

sensation; perception

B:

perception; sensation

C:

proprioception; sensation

D:

perception; proprioception

答案:

4、单选题：
An individual who is unable to understand speech would most likely have damage to which area in the temporal lobe?
选项：
A:

Brocas

B:

Somatosensory cortex

C:

Cerebellum

D:

Wernickes

答案:

5、单选题：
What is the primary role of the temporal lobe?
选项：
A:

Auditory processing

B:

Visual processing

C:

Postural balance

D:

Motor functioning

答案:

6、单选题：
What is the term that refers to knowledge of where a persons body parts are located in space?
选项：
A:

Localization

B:

Proprioception

C:

Nociception

D:

Psorioception

答案:

7、单选题：
Why is more cortical tissue in the somatosensory cortex devoted to the lips than to the elbows?

选项：
A:

Lips are larger than the elbow

B:

We use our lips more than we use our elbows

C:

Lips require more sensory input

D:

Elbows require more sensory input

答案:

8、单选题：
What is the term used to describe the inability to switch strategies following damage to the frontal lobes?
选项：
A:

Perseveration errors

B:

Disruptive behavioral strategies

C:

Noncommittal phobia

D:

Obsessive determination

答案:

9、单选题：
What is the primary role of the frontal lobes?
选项：
A:

Memory storage and retrieval

B:

Complex cognitive functions

C:

Auditory processing

D:

Motor input

答案:

第五章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Severing what brain structure results in split brain syndrome?
选项：
A:

Corpus callosum

B:

Cerebellum

C:

White cortical matter

D:

Frontal lobe

答案:

2、单选题：
What is the raw input of information or signals from the environment called?
选项：
A:

Perception

B:

Proprioception

C:

Sensation

D:

Transduction

答案:

3、单选题：
What cells in the eye are responsible for edge detection?
选项：
A:

Ganglion

B:

Bipolar

C:

Edge

D:

Fovea

答案:

4、单选题：
What photoreceptors of the eyes react to lots of light or color?
选项：
A:

Cones

B:

Rods

C:

Retina

D:

Pupil

答案:

5、单选题：
We are able to sense ________.
选项：
A:

most of the energy coming at us, probably more than 90%

B:

all of the energy coming at us from the world

C:

energy that is coming from sources other than those in the world around us

答案:

6、单选题：
Cones are more common at the ______ of the eye whereas rods are more common in the ________.
选项：
A:

periphery; fovea

B:

focal point; iris

C:

fovea; periphery

D:

back; front

答案:

7、单选题：
Understanding how visual elements group together was a major focus of those studying __________ psychology.
选项：
A:

psychophysical

B:

developmental

C:

social

D:

gestalt

答案:

8、单选题：
When we look at some visual scene, what we tend to consciously see ___________.
选项：
A:

are patterns of light and dark

B:

are lines and shapes at differing orientiations

C:

is a collection of objects

D:

are patches of colour

答案:

第六章 单元测试

1、单选题：
At what age do children begin to develop a Theory of Mind?
选项：
A:

1-2yrs

B:

3-5yrs

C:

5-7yrs

D:

7-9yrs

答案:

2、单选题：
What is the capacity to evaluate ourselves and our actions from the perspective of another person called?
选项：
A:

External Perspective

B:

Introspection

C:

Theory of Mind

D:

Social Evaluation

答案:

3、单选题：
If genetics is playing a strong role in the production of a behaviour, then we would expect identical twins to have ________ concordance on measures of that behaviour.
选项：
A:

low

B:

high

C:

some

D:

no

答案:

4、单选题：
What is the evolutionary process wherein beneficial traits that promote survival are passed down from parent to child called?
选项：
A:

Genetic Selection

B:

Artificial Selection

C:

Reproductive Selection

D:

Natural Selection

答案:

5、单选题：
According to behaviourists, the grasping reflex in human babies and the imprinting behaviours in baby ducks are both examples of _________ behaviours.
选项：
A:

learned

B:

innate

C:

primitive

D:

infantile

答案:

6、单选题：
What is the inhibition of inappropriate natural responses to a stimulus after repeated exposures called?
选项：
A:

Conditioning

B:

Addition

C:

Discontinuation

D:

Habituation

答案:

7、单选题：
If, after doing many conditioning trials, a researcher presents the conditioned stimulus but DOES NOT follow it with the unconditioned stimulus, the research is likely examining _______.
选项：
A:

extinction

B:

counter-conditioning

C:

unlearning

D:

spontaneous recovery

答案:

8、单选题：
The grasping, stepping and crawling reflexes all illustrate that some behaviours ___________.
选项：
A:

can be learned even while in the womb

B:

do not have to be learned

C:

are different in different cultures

D:

are different for different genders

答案:

第七章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Through observational learning children will often ________ the negative behaviours they see around them.
选项：
A:

mimic

B:

avoid

C:

report

D:

ignore

答案:

2、单选题：
Albert Banduras research on observational learning in children showed that when a child sees another child hit a Bobo doll, he or she was more likely to _________ the doll.
选项：
A:

comfort

B:

fix

C:

hit

D:

ignore

答案:

3、单选题：
What is the component of working memory that is used to solve problems?
选项：
A:

Sensory Input

B:

Central Executive

C:

Visuospatial Sketchpad

D:

Phonological Loop

答案:

4、单选题：
What memory system is most closely related to our conscious experience of the world?
选项：
A:

Procedural Memory

B:

Working Memory

C:

Episodic Memory

D:

Semantic Memory

答案:

5、单选题：
Existing memories can be used as ___________ cues to help you remember new information.
选项：
A:

retrieval

B:

encoding

C:

episodic

D:

semantic

答案:

6、单选题：
In terms of memory, what is primary the problem with using eye-witness testimony as evidence in legal cases?
选项：
A:

It can lead to “he said, she said” situation

B:

Memories are affected by the way questions are asked

C:

There are no problems with eye-witness testimony

D:

The witness could easily lie about the event

答案:

7、单选题：
When some bit of information is encountered across repeated but different contexts, that information ultimately resides in _________.
选项：
A:

episodic memory

B:

procedural memory

C:

semantic memory

D:

muscle memory

答案:

8、单选题：
“Memory” should best be thought of as a __________.
选项：
A:

singular verb

B:

Plural verb

C:

plural noun

D:

singular noun

答案:

第八章 单元测试

1、单选题：
Learning a new skill, such as tying a shoe lace, is an example of what type of memory?
选项：
A:

Episodic

B:

Semantic

C:

Procedural

D:

Perceptual

答案:

2、单选题：
What is the term for a person who pretends to be a participant in an experiment, but is actually working with the experimenters?
选项：
A:

Dupe

B:

Confederate

C:

Confabulator

D:

Imitator

答案:

3、单选题：
What did the “Milgram” experiment, in which participants were asked to inflict electrical shocks on other participants, tell us about the influence authority can have on the average person?
选项：
A:

Most people will conform to authority even when asked to perform immoral or unethical behaviors

B:

Most people will conform to authority unless asked to perform immoral or unethical behaviors

C:

Most people reject authority and refused to even participate in the experiment

D:

Every person will conform to authority even when asked to perform immoral or unethical behaviors

答案:

4、单选题：
A person who claims that a negative personal event is the result of their situation or other people’s behavior is demonstrating a(n) __________ locus of control.
选项：
A:

internal

B:

deferred

C:

external

D:

ulterior

答案:

5、单选题：
What hypothesis asserts that good things happens to good people and bad things happen to bad people?
选项：
A:

Just World

B:

New Testament

C:

Karmic Law

D:

Natural Balance

答案:

6、单选题：
Ash provided several experiments showing that people will agree with others even when they know those others are wrong.  This sort of behaviour is called __________.
选项：
A:

individuation

B:

peer-connectedness

C:

conformity

D:

sheep walking

答案:

7、单选题：
One of the negatives of the human tendency to conform is that _______.
选项：
A:

it can make people not think about the rational basis of certain behaviours.

B:

it makes people feel more comfortable with others.

C:

it provokes people to come up with “crazy ideas”.

D:

it makes people feel bored with life.

答案:

8、单选题：
Participants in Milgram’s experiments on authority believed they were ___________.
选项：
A:

designing a better way of doing tests

B:

causing pain and suffering to another

C:

informing research on prejudice and discrimination

D:

helping to understand the psychological components of stress

答案:

第九章 单元测试

1、单选题：
On average, a man will perceive women as more attractive when theirs waists are _______ tenths the size of their hips.
选项：
A:

seven

B:

six

C:

eight

D:

nine

答案:

2、单选题：
On average, a person will find another person more attractive if the other person has _________ pupils.
选项：
A:

smaller

B:

darker

C:

lighter

D:

larger

答案:

3、单选题：
A major recent conceptual shift between the DSM-IV and the DSM-V is that the diagnosis of mental disorders is now regarded more as a ______________ and less of a ______________.
选项：
A:

continuum; classification

B:

classification; continuum

C:

art; science

D:

science; art

答案:

4、单选题：
When talking about mental disorders, what is the primary caution that Steve has repeatedly made?
选项：
A:

Mental disorders are extremely rare

B:

We all have one or more mental disorders, even if undiagnosed

C:

Learning about mental disorders makes you see them everywhere

D:

All persons with mental disorders are dangerous

答案:

5、单选题：
What is multiple personality disorder now called?
选项：
A:

Dissociative Amnesia

B:

Dissociative Identity Disorder

C:

Dissociative Fugue

D:

Double Dissociation

答案:

6、单选题：
A person with a mental disorder that causes them to constantly think that there shoe lace is coming untied, and therefore continually bends down to check their shoe laces likely has what disorder?
选项：
A:

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

B:

Recurring Thought Disorder

C:

Impulse Control Disorder

D:

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

答案:

7、单选题：
What has a person experienced if he or she can’t remember anything about their life and, thus, starts an entirely new life — only to have the original memories return several years later?
选项：
A:

Dissociative Fugue

B:

Dissociative Identity Disorder

C:

Dissociative Amnesia

D:

Double Dissociation

答案:

8、单选题：
What class of mental disorders are pregnant women particularly susceptible to?
选项：
A:

Personality

B:

Dissociative

C:

Emotional

D:

Anxiety

答案:

9、单选题：
What mental disorder is characterized by extreme emotional highs followed by extreme emotional lows?
选项：
A:

Hypomanic Disorder

B:

Emotional Instability Disorder

C:

Bipolar Disorder

D:

Major Depressive Disorder

答案:

第十章 单元测试

1、单选题：
What type of schizophrenia causes the person to become rigid and unable to move?
选项：
A:

Paranoid

B:

Catatonic

C:

Disorganized

D:

Residual

答案:

2、单选题：
In schizophrenia, what is the term for the symptoms, such as auditory hallucinations, that cause the addition of non-existent information to a person’s perception of the world?
选项：
A:

Positive

B:

Negative

C:

Illusory

D:

Inductive

答案:

3、单选题：
What is the common term for the most extreme version of a person with anti-social personality disorder?
选项：
A:

Sociopathy

B:

Psychopathy

C:

Maladjustment Disorder

D:

Reclusivity

答案:

4、单选题：
Freud’s practice of psychoanalysis is an example of what type of therapy?
选项：
A:

Hypnosis

B:

Client-Centered

C:

Insight

D:

Cognitive-Behavioral

答案:

5、单选题：
What type of psychological therapy does not direct the patient, but instead provides help and support to the patient, with the goal of letting the patient help themselves?
选项：
A:

Psychoanalysis

B:

Humanistic

C:

Hypnosis

D:

Cognitive-Behavioral

答案:

6、单选题：
What type of therapy would most likely be used for a person trying to overcome a fear of heights?
选项：
A:

Humanistic

B:

Psychoanalysis

C:

Systematic Desensitization

D:

Hypnosis

答案:

7、单选题：
Theory of mind refers to the ability to know what someone else is:
选项：
A:

Feeling

B:

Thinking

C:

Seeing

D:

Doing

答案:

8、单选题：
Client-centered therapy is one example of a(n) _________ therapy.
选项：
A:

psychoanalytic

B:

cognitive-behavioural

C:

humanist

D:

insight

答案: