第一章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Linguistics studies particular language, not languages in general.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
2、判断题：
Modern linguistics is mostly prescriptive, but sometimes descriptive.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【错】
3、判断题：
Language is used to record the facts, which is the informative function of language, also called ideational function in the framework of functional grammar.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
4、判断题：
Sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【对】
5、单选题：
If a linguistic study describes and analyzes the language people actually use, it is said to be _______.
选项：
A:analytic
B:linguistic
C:descriptive
D:prescriptive
答案: 【descriptive】
6、单选题：
Which of the following is not a design feature of human language?
选项：
A:Arbitrariness
B:Duality
C:Meaningfulness
D:Displacement
答案: 【Meaningfulness】
7、单选题：
Language is said to be arbitrary because there is no logical connection between _______ and meanings.
选项：
A:sounds
B:ideas
C:objects
D:sense
答案: 【sounds】
8、单选题：
Saussure took a(n) _______ view of language, while Chomsky looks at language from a ________ point of view.
选项：
A:sociological…psychological
B:semantic…linguistic
C:psychological…sociological
D:applied…pragmatic
答案: 【sociological…psychological】
9、多选题：
According to Jakobson, ___________ are the functions of language?
选项：
A:metalingual
B:conative
C:interpersonal
D:referential
答案: 【metalingual;conative;referential】
10、多选题：
Which of the following belongs to the main branches of linguistics?
选项：
A:Morphology
B:phonetics
C:psycholinguistics
D:Semantics
答案: 【Morphology;phonetics;Semantics】
第二章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Phonology is concerned with how the sounds can be classified into different categories.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案: 【错】
2、判断题：
Distinctive features of sound segments can be found running over a sequence of two or more phonemic segments.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案: 【对】
3、单选题：
What is the difference between the fields of phonetics and phonology?
选项：
A:Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
B:Phonetics is mostly concerned with the production of vowels and consonants, while phonology is more about phenomena such as tone.
C:Phonetics is concerned with historical data, whereas phonology is concerned with how language is actually spoken.
D:Phonetics is the more general discipline concerned with all kinds of sounds, whereas phonology is specifically concerned with modern experimental methodologies.
答案: 【Phonetics is concerned with the physical and physiological aspects of sounds, while phonology is concerned with sounds as parts of language.
】
4、单选题：
Question: Which of the following sounds is velar ?
选项：
A:r
B:s
C:p
D:A.
g
E:h
答案: 【A.
g
】
5、单选题：
Which of the following sounds is not alveolar?
选项：
A:d
B:t
C:f
D:s
答案: 【f】
6、单选题：
Would it be useful to compare German and English when trying to establish how English was spoken in the past?
选项：
A:Yes, because they have a spelling that is very similar.
B:Yes, because all languages were pronounced in similar ways in the more distant past.
C:No, because English is an older language than German.
D:Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.
E:Yes, because German is an older language than English.
F:No, because there is no archeological record about the relationship between the two languages.
答案: 【Yes, because English and German are related and each may have a more conservative pronunciation in some points.】
7、单选题：
In German, the word ‘Kind’ (child) has the plural form Kind-er. In the letter d is actually pronounced as [t], but in the plural form one pronounces it as a [d]. Which phonological feature is involved in this alternation?
选项：
A:Manner of articulation
B:Sonorant
C:Place of articulation
D:Velar
E:Voice
答案: 【Voice】
8、单选题：
English and German have relatively large vowel inventories. What reason does the discussion provide for this?
选项：
A:These languages are relatively old and had more time to develop the vowel inventory.
B:These languages have a long writing tradition, influencing the number of vowels that can be expressed.
C:Earlier distinctions between long and short vowels developed into vowel quality contrasts in these languages.
D:Because of extensive language contact, these languages borrowed vowels from each other.
E:These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.
答案: 【These languages tend to have a simpler syllable structure than other languages, and need more differences between vowels.】
9、多选题：
How do features help us understand and explain the path of language acquisition?
选项：
A:Children are slowed down by the need to learn difficult features.
B:Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.
C:Children become gradually aware of features.
D:Children use features to put sounds in rectangular tables.
E:Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.
答案: 【Children try to find out how speech sounds can be built up of features.;Children become gradually aware of features.;Children do not acquire sounds, but rather features.】
10、多选题：
Which three of the following parameters are relevant for consonant sounds? Please check all that apply.
选项：
A:Height of articulation
B:Place of articulation
C:Restructuring
D:Structure of articulation
E:Manner of articulation
F:Voicing
答案: 【Place of articulation;Manner of articulation;Voicing】
第三章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Nouns, verbs and adjectives can be classified as ____.
选项：
A:grammatical words
B:form words
C:function words
D:lexical words
答案:
2、单选题：
Morphemes that represent tense, number, gender and case are called _____ morpheme.
选项：
A:inflectional
B:derivational
C:free
D:bound
答案:
3、单选题：
______ is a way in which new words may be formed from already existing words by subtracting an affix which is thought to be part of the old word.
选项：
A:back-formation
B:affixation
C:insertion
D:addition
答案:
4、单选题：
The stem of the word “disagreements” is ________.
选项：
A:agreement
B:disagreements
C:disagreement
D:agree
答案:
5、单选题：
All of them are meaningful except for ________.
选项：
A:phoneme
B:allomorph
C:morpheme
D:lexeme
答案:
6、判断题：
“Fore” in “foretell” is both a prefix and a bound morpheme.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
7、判断题：
The words “whimper”, “whisper” and “whistle” are formed in the way of onomatopoeia.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
8、判断题：
In most cases, the number of syllables of a word corresponds to the number of morphemes.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
9、判断题：
Back-formation is a productive way of word-formation.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
10、判断题：
Inflection is a particular way of word-formation.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
第四章 单元测试
1、单选题：
Prase structure rules have ______ properties.
选项：
A:social
B:functional
C:recursive
D:grammatical
答案:
2、单选题：
The syntactic rules of any language are ____ in number.
选项：
A:finite
B:large
C:small
D:infinite
答案:
3、单选题：
The ________ rules are the rules that group words and phrases to form grammatical sentences.
选项：
A:morphological
B:combinational
C:lexical
D:linguistic
答案:
4、单选题：
A sentence is considered ____ when it does not conform to the grammatical knowledge in the mind of native speakers.
选项：
A:grammatical
B:right
C:wrong
D:ungrammatical
答案:
5、单选题：
A __________ in the embedded clause refers to the introductory word that introduces the embedded clause.
选项：
A:particle
B:subordinator
C:preposition
D:coordinator
答案:
6、单选题：
An ________ can further be divided into two types: subordination and coordination.
选项：
A:endocentric construction
B:exocentric construction
C:immediate constituent
D:ultimate constituent
答案:
7、单选题：
What is the construction of the sentence “The boy smiled”?
选项：
A:Endocentric
B:Coordinate
C:Exocentric
D:Subordinate
答案:
8、单选题：
The head of the phrase “behind the door” is __________.
选项：
A:door
B:none
C:the door
D:behind
答案:
9、单选题：
The phrase “on the shelf” belongs to __________ construction.
选项：
A:subordinate
B:endocentric
C:coordinate
D:exocentric
答案:
10、单选题：
The sentence “They were wanted to remain quiet and not to expose themselves.” is a __________ sentence.
选项：
A:simple
B:complex
C:coordinate
D:compound
答案:
第五章 单元测试
1、判断题：
Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
2、判断题：
In semantics, meaning of language is considered as the intrinsic and inherent relation to the physical world of experience.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
3、判断题：
The meaning of a sentence is the sum total of the meanings of all its components.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
4、判断题：
Most languages have sets of lexical items similar in meaning but ranked differently according to their degree of formality.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
5、单选题：
________ is not one of seven types of meaning advanced by Geoffrey Leech.
选项：
A:connotative meaning
B:derogatory meaning
C:reflected meaning
D:affective meaning
答案:
6、单选题：
Words that are close in meaning are called ______________.
选项：
A:homonyms
B:hyponyms
C:synonyms
D:polysemy
答案:
7、单选题：
___________ is a way in which the meaning of a word can be dissected into meaning components, called semantic features.
选项：
A:Grammatical analysis
B:Predication analysis
C:Phonemic analysis
D:Componential analysis
答案:
8、单选题：
“teacher” and “student” are ______________.
选项：
A:complementary antonyms
B:relational opposites
C:gradable antonyms
D:converse antonyms
答案:
9、单选题：
_________ deals with the relationship between the linguistic element and the non-linguistic world of experience.
选项：
A:Reference
B:Concept
C:Semantics
D:Sense
答案:
10、单选题：
“John killed Bill”_______ “Bill didn’t die.”
选项：
A:entails
B:presupposes
C:is synonymous with
D:is inconsistent with
答案:
第六章 单元测试
1、判断题：
It would be impossible to give an adequate description of meaning if the context of language use was left unconsidered.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
2、判断题：
What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning the context of use is considered.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
3、判断题：
Utterances always take the form of complete sentences.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
4、判断题：
Speech act theory was originated with the British philosopher John Searle.
选项：
A:对
B:错
答案:
5、判断题：
Perlocutionary act is the act of expressing the speaker’s intention.
选项：
A:错
B:对
答案:
6、单选题：
The meaning of language was considered as something _______ in traditional semantics.
选项：
A:logical
B:behaviouristic
C:contextual
D:intrinsic
答案:
7、单选题：
A sentence is a _________ concept, and the meaning of a sentence is often studied in isolation.
选项：
A:mental
B:grammatical
C:pragmatic
D:conceptual
答案:
8、单选题：
__________ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.
选项：
A:An illocutionary act
B:A perlocutionary act
C:A performative act
D:A locutionary act
答案:
9、单选题：
__________ is advanced by Paul Grice.
选项：
A:Politeness Principle
B:Cooperative Principle
C:The General Principle of Universal Grammar
D:Adjacency Principle
答案:
10、单选题：
When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, _______ might arise.
选项：
A:impoliteness
B:mutual understanding
C:conversational implicatures
D:contradictions
答案:
请先 ！